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Technical S pecification
PQ60280FTA26
48V in
Input
28Vout
Output
26Amp
Current
2250Vdc
Isolation
Full-brick
DC/DC Conver ter
The PQ 6028 0FTA26 Po we r Qor (R) Te r a c o nve r te r i s a n i s o l ated , fixed s witch ing fre qu en cy DC /DC c on ver ter th at us es synchronous rectification and a patented topology to a ch ieve extr emel y high e fficien cy a nd p owe r den s ity. Th is mo du le is ide al ly s uite d to su p po rt wir el es s b a se sta tion amplifie rs an d for applicatio ns to drive co ol ing fans us ed in n et wor ki ng s ys t ems , s erv er s an d da t a s t or a ge un it s . Th e Ter a s eri es co nver ter s o ffer in d us try l ead in g us ea bl e ou tp ut p ower for a ny s ta n da r d " fu ll -b r ick " mo du l e. Th es e 28 Vou t mod ul es a r e a v a i l a b l e i n o p e n f r a m e a n d b a s e p l a t e d v e r s i o n s . R oH S
compliant (see page 13 ).
Operational Features
* Ultra-high efficiency, 95% at full rated load current, 96% at half rated load current * Delivers up to 728 Watts of output power with minimal derating * Input voltage range: 36V - 75V, with 100V for 100ms input transient capability * Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance * On-board input and output filtering
PQ60280FTA26 Module
Pr otection Features
* Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage conditions * Output current limit and short circuit protection protects converter and load from damage * Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter from external load induced pre-bias * Output over-voltage protection * Thermal shutdown
Mechanical Features
* Industry standard full-brick pin-out configuration * Industry standard size: 4.6" x 2.4" (116.8 x 61.0mm) * Total height only 0.50" (12.7mm), open frame unit only 0.43" (10.8mm) * Total weight: 10.0oz. (284 grams), open frame unit only 5.0 oz. (142 grams)
Contr ol Features
* Fully isolated On/Off control (positive and negative logic options are available) * Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops * Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining * Synchronization feature available (full feature only) * Paralleling capability
Safety Features
* 2250V, 30 MW input-to-output isolation * UL/cUL 60950-1 recognized (US & Canada), basic insulation rating * TUV certified to EN60950-1 * Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives * Meets UL94V-0 flammability requirements
Product # PQ60280FTA26 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
4/17/08
Page 1
Technical Specification
MECHANICAL DIAGRAM (open frame)
0.20 0.45
(11.4) (5.1)
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
2.40
(60.96)
1.750 4.60
(116.8) (44.45)
1.400
(35.56)
1.150
(29.21)
4.20
(106.7)
0.900
(22.86)
0.500
(12.7)
0.250
(6.35)
0.050
(1.27)
Top View
1.250 (31.75) 0.850 (21.59) 0.450 (11.43) 0.300 (7.62) 0.150 (3.81)
1 2 3 4 5 6
18 17 16 15 14 13
7 8 9 10 11 12
3.150
(80.01)
0.150 (3.81) 0.300 (7.62) 0.450 (11.43) 0.600 (15.24) 0.750 (19.05)
Bottom side Clearance
0.033 0.027
(0.84 0.68)
Side View
0.180
(4.57) See Note 3 Load Board
Overall Height 0.395 0.025
(10.03 0.63)
NOTES
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Name SyncIn SyncOut +ON/OFF - ON/OFF Vin(+) Vin(-) Vaux IOG PARALLEL TRIM SENSE(+) SENSE(-) Vout(-) Vout(-) Vout(-) Vout(+) Vout(+) Vout(+) Function Synchronization Input (full feature versions only) Synchronization Output (full feature versions only) Turn converter on and off, referenced to - ON/OFF Fully isolated ground Positive input voltage Negative input voltage Remote ON/OFF power, referenced to Vout(-) Power Good or Inverted Operation Good Current share Output voltage trim1 Positive remote sense2 Negative remote sense3 Negative output voltage Negative output voltage Negative output voltage Positive output voltage Positive output voltage Positive output voltage
5/21/08 Page 2
1) Pins 1-4, 7-12 are 0.040" (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080" (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 2) Pins 5-6, 13-18 are 0.080" (2.03 mm) diameter with 0.125" (3.18mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin length is 0.03" (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. 4) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 5) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 7) Weight: 5 oz. (142 g) typical 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds current IPC-A-610 Class II 9) UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04" (1.02mm) between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user's board. Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary circuit.
Pin Designations Notes: 1. Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 2. SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. 3. SENSE(-) should be connected to Vout(-) either remotely or at the converter.
Product # PQ60280FTA26
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
Technical Specification
MECHANICAL DIAGRAM (base-plated)
4.20 0.45
(11.4) (106.7)
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
1.750
(44.45)
1.400
(35.56)
1.150
(29.21)
4.60
(116.8)
0.900
(22.86)
0.500
(12.7)
0.250
(6.35)
2.000
(50.8)
0.20
(5.1) (1.27)
0.050
Top View
1.250 (31.75) 0.850 (21.59) 0.450 (11.43) 0.300 (7.62) 0.150 (3.81)
1 2 3 4 5 6
18 17 16 2.40
(60.96)
15 14 13
7 8 9 10 11 12
0.20
(5.1)
3.150
(80.01)
0.150 (3.81) 0.300 (7.62) 0.450 (11.43) 0.600 (15.24) 0.750 (19.05)
Bottom side Clearance
0.061 +0.019 / -0.022
(1.55 +0.48 / -0.55)
Side View
M3 Non-Threaded or Threaded Standoff 4 Places (see Note 10 for threaded version)
0.180
Load Board (4.57) See Note 3
Overall Height 0.492 +0.002 / -0.005
(12.5 +0.05 / -0.12)
NOTES
PIN DESIGNATIONS
Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Name SyncIn SyncOut +ON/OFF - ON/OFF Vin(+) Vin(-) Vaux IOG PARALLEL TRIM SENSE(+) SENSE(-) Vout(-) Vout(-) Vout(-) Vout(+) Vout(+) Vout(+) Function Synchronization Input (full feature versions only) Synchronization Output (full feature versions only) Turn converter on and off, referenced to - ON/OFF Fully isolated ground Positive input voltage Negative input voltage Remote ON/OFF power, referenced to Vout(-) Power Good or Inverted Operation Good Current share Output voltage trim1 Positive remote sense2 Negative remote sense3 Negative output voltage Negative output voltage Negative output voltage Positive output voltage Positive output voltage Positive output voltage
5/21/08 Page 3
1) Pins 1-4, 7-12 are 0.040" (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080" (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 2) Pins 5-6, 13-18 are 0.080" (2.03 mm) diameter with 0.125" (3.18mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin length is 0.03" (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. 4) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 5) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 7) Weight: 10 oz. (284 g) typical 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II 9) UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04" (1.02mm) between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the user's board. Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary circuit. 10) Applied torque per screw should not exceed 3 in-lb (.33Nm)
Pin Designations Notes: 1. Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 2. SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. 3. SENSE(-) should be connected to Vout(-) either remotely or at the converter.
Product # PQ60280FTA26
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
Technical Specification
PQ60280FTA26 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
TA=25C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40C to +100C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.
Min. Typ. Max.
100 80 100 2250 100 125 18 48 33.3 31.0 2.3 220 42 3 0.2 \ 8.0 200 0.20 28.00 75 34.7 32.4 22.0 250 65 0.1 60 30 1.00 28.25
Units
V V V V C C V V V V V A mA mA A 2s mA A A H\F F
Notes & Conditions
Continuous Continuous 100ms transient Basic insulation level, Pollution degree 2
Input Voltage Non-Operating Operating Operating Transient Protection Isolation Voltage (input to output) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Voltage at ON/OFF input pin Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Voltage Hysteresis Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Disabled Input Current Inrush Current Transient Rating Input Reflected Ripple Current Input Terminal Ripple Current Recommended Input Fuse Input Filter Component Values (L\C) Recommended External Input Capacitance Recommended External Input Capacitor ESR1 Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise1 Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception Back-Drive Current-Limit While Enabled Back-Drive Current-Limit While Disabled Current Share Accuracy (2 units paralleled) Maximum Output Capacitance Input Voltage Ripple Rejection Output Voltage during Load Current Transient For a Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/s) For a Step Change in Output Current (5A/s) Settling Time Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time Startup Delay: First Startup Delay: Restart Inhibit Delay: Output Voltage Overshoot 100% Load 50% Load Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature Maximum Baseplate Temperature2 Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance3
-40 -55 -2 36 31.5 29.5
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
100% Load, 36 Vin
0.04 27.75
W
V
RMS thru 4.7H inductor; Figures 11 & 13 RMS; Figures 11 & 12 Fast blow external fuse recommended Internal values Typical ESR 0.2W, see Figure 11 100kHz, -40C to 100C
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
27.50
+0.05 \ 28 +0.10 \ 28 +0.1 \ 28 +0.2 \ 56 +45 +90 28.50 180 40 30.2 3.40 0.30 2.5 30 1500 800 150 250 50 26 32.0 5.00 0.45 4,000
%\mV %\mV mV V mV mV A A A A A F dB mV mV s
0 28.0 1.50 0.14
Over sample, line, load, temperature & life 20MHz bandwidth; Figures 11 & 14 Full Load; see Figures 11 & 14 Full Load; see Figures 11 & 14 Subject to thermal derating; Figures 5 - 6 Output Voltage 10% Low; Figure 22 Negative current drawn from output Negative current drawn from output 28Vout at 26A Resistive Load 120 Hz; Figure 18 50-75-50% Iout max; 47F cap; Figure 9 50-75-50% Iout max; 47F cap; Figure 10 To within 1% Vout nom Full load, Vout=90% nom.; Figures 7 & 8
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
25
30 2 200 320 0 95 96
35
ms ms ms ms % % %
4,000 F load capacitance, Iout = 26A resistive load Figures 1 - 4 (Figure 21 for baseplated) Figures 1 - 4 (Figure 21 for baseplated) Package rated to 150C UL rated max operating temp 130C See Figures 5 - 6 for derating curve Applies to baseplated units only
EFFICIENCY
TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES
125 125 125 100 2250 30 3300
C C C C V MW pF
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Note 1: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: support@synqor.com) Note 2: There is no derating with a baseplate temperature of 100C or lower. Note 3: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module.
Product # PQ60280FTA26
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Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
5/21/08
Page 4
Technical Specification
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Parameter P
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control (Option P) On Current (threshold) Off Current (threshold) ON/OFF Control (Option N) On Current (threshold) Off Current (threshold) Maximum allowable current through ON/OFF Pin Auxiliary Power Supply Voltage Auxiliary Power Supply Current Output Voltage Trim Range Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection Over-Temperature Shutdown Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis Load Current Scale Factor RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) Field Demonstrated MTBF
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
Min.
275 0.1
Typ.
300 0.5
Max.
325 1 50 50 1 4 9.0 20.0 +15 +15 37
Units
kHz mA A A mA mA V mA % % V C C
Notes & Conditions
Regulation and isolation stages
0.1 6.0 0.0 -50 33
0.5
35 120 10 833 2.13 1.93 TBD
Measured across Pins 9 & 5; Figure C Measured across Pins 9 & 5 Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Average PCB Temperature See App Note: Output Load Current Calc.
106 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 80% load,300LFM, 40C Ta 106 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40C Ta 106 Hrs. See our website for details
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Parameter P
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
Notes
File # E194341, Basic insulation & pollution degree 2 Certified by TUV Test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant ESD test, 8kV - NP, 15kV air - NP (Normal Performance) Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding
UL/cUL 60950-1 EN60950-1 72/23/EEC 93/68/EEC Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) IEC 61000-4-2 GR-1089-CORE Telcordia (Bellcore) GR-513
* An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website.
QUALIFICATION TESTING
Parameter P
QUALIFICATION TESTING
# Units
32 5 5 10 5 5 5 15 pins
Test Conditions
10-55Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis
Life Test Vibration Mechanical Shock Temperature Cycling Power/Thermal Cycling Design Marginality Humidity Solderability
95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours
100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis -40C to 100C, unit temp. ramp 15C/min., 500 cycles Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Tmin-10C to Tmax+10C, 5C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load 85C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, 2 minutes on and 6 hours off MIL-STD-883, method 2003 and JESD22-B102D
* Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply robust, reliable product. Contact the factory for official product family qualification documents.
OPTIONS
SynQor provides various options for this family of dc-dc converters. Please consult the last page for additional information.
PATENTS
SynQor is protected under various patents. Please consult the last page for further details.
Product # PQ60280FTA26
Phone 1-888-567-9596
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Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
5/21/08
Page 5
Technical Specification
100 98 96 94 100 98 96
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
Efficiency (%)
94 92 90 88 86 84 0 3 5 8 10 13 16 18 21 23 26 36 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin
Efficiency (%)
92 90 88 86 84 82 80 100 200 300 400 25 C 40 C 55 C
Load Current (A)
Air Flow (LFM)
Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C.
Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25C, 40C, and 55C (nominal input voltage).
32 30 28
50 45 40
Power Dissipation (W)
35 30 25 20 15 36 Vin 10 5 0 0 3 5 8 10 13 16 18 21 23 26 48 Vin 75 Vin
Power Dissipation (W)
26 24 22 20 18 16 14 100 200 300 400 25 C 40 C 55 C
Load Current (A)
Air Flow (LFM)
Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C.
Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25C, 40C, and 55C (nominal input voltage).
25
20
Iout (A)
15
10 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 5 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85
Ambient Air Temperature (C)
Semiconductor junction temperature is within 1C of surface temperature
Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from pin 1 to pin 2 (nominal input voltage). See Figure 21 for baseplate derating curve.
Product # PQ60280FTA26 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 14.7 amp load current (411.6W) with 55C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing from pin 1 to pin 2 (nominal input voltage).
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C 5/21/08 Page 6
www.synqor.com
Technical Specification
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
Figure 7: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (10 ms/div). Input voltage pre-applied. Top Trace: Vout (10V/div). Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input (10V/div)
Figure 8: Turn-on transient at zero load (10 ms/div). Top Trace: Vout (10V/div). Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input (10V/div)
Figure 9: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/ s). Load cap: 47 F, ceramic output capacitance. Top trace: Vout (1V/div). Bottom trace: Iout (5A/div).
Figure 10: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 5A/ s). Load cap: 47 F, ceramic output capacitance. Top trace: Vout (2V/div). Bottom trace: Iout (5A/div).
See Fig. 13
4.7 H source impedance
See Fig. 12 See Fig. 14
Vin
iS
VSOURCE
iC
DC/DC Converter
VOUT
15 F, 2*6.8 F ceramic tantalum and capacitor 1F ceramic capacitor
200 F, electrolytic capacitor
Iin
Figure 11: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 12), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 13) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 14).
Product # PQ60280FTA26 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 12: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and 75V input voltage with 4.7 H source impedance and 200 F electrolytic capacitor (Ch2 5A/div). (See Figure 11).
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C 5/21/08 Page 7
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Technical Specification
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
0A
13A
26A
Figure 13: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 4.7 H source inductor at 75V input voltage and rated load current (50 mA/div). (See Figure 11).
Figure 14: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (200 mV/div). Load capacitance: two 6.8 F ceramic capacitors and 15 F tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. (See Figure 11).
Figure 15: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (1000V/ms). Load cap: no output capacitance. Ch 1: Vout (2V/div), Ch 2: Vin (20V/div).
10
Figure 16: Load current (20A/div) as a function of time when the converter attempts to turn on into a 1 mW short circuit.
10
Forward Transmission (dB)
Output Impedance (ohms)
1
0
-10
0.1
-20
0.01 35 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin
-30 35 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin
0.001
-40
0.0001 100 1,000
-50
Hz
10,000
100,000
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Hz
Figure 17: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = vout/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
Product # PQ60280FTA26 Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 18: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = vout/vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C 5/21/08 Page 8
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Technical Specification
15 10 100
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
Reverse Transmission (dB)
Input Impedance (ohms)
5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
10
1 35 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin 0.1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
35 Vin 48 Vin 75 Vin
Hz
Hz
Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = iin/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
27 24 21 18
Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power.
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
15 12 9 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 6 3 0 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
Ambient Air Temperature (C)
Output Voltage (V)
Iout (A)
Load Current (A)
Figure 21: Baseplated unit maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from input to output (nominal input voltage). No derating if baseplate is <100C.
3.5 3.0 2.5
Figure 22: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points.
Rth (C/W)
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 100 200 300 400
Airflow (LFM)
Figure 23: Thermal resistance (Rthca) plot at 50% output power (baseplated, no-heatsink configuration).
Product # PQ60280FTA26 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C 5/21/08 Page 9
Technical Specification
BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES
The PowerQor series converter uses a two-stage power conversion topology. The first stage keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. The second stage uses a transformer to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage step-down to achieve the low output voltage required. Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer's output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This is the primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high efficiency, even at very low output voltages and very high output currents. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required, the PowerQor series of converters do not need a metal baseplate or potting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. The PowerQor series of converters can thus be built more simply and reliably using high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB substrate. The PowerQor series converters use the industry standard footprint and pin-out configuration.
Input: Output: Current: Package:
CONTROL FEATURES
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 3): The (+)ON/OFF input, Pin 3, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is referenced (-)ON/OFF. There are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF input. In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high (meaning that a high ION/OFF turns the converter on). In the negative logic version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low ION/OFF turns the converter on). Figures A & B detail two possible circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pins 11 and 12): The SENSE(+) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter's output pins to the load. Pin 11 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 12 should be connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is Pins 11 and 12 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 16 and 13) to determine when it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter's sense leads (pins 11 and 12). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output OVP does not trigger, even during load transients. OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 10): The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down according to the trim range specifications. To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 10 and Pin 12 (SENSE(-) input). For a desired decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be
VIN (+)
I ON/OFF
+ON/OFF -ON/OFF VIN (-)
VOUT (+) SENSE (+) SENSE (-)
VOUT (-)
Figure A: Typical circuit for driving the ON/OFF pin.
VIN (+)
I ON/OFF
+ON/OFF -ON/OFF VIN (-)
VOUT (+) SENSE (+) SENSE (-)
VOUT (-)
Rtrim-down =
where
(732) - 8.94 D
(kW)
D% =
Vnominal - Vdesired Vnominal
x 100%
Figure B: Another circuit for driving the ON/OFF pin.
Product # PQ60280FTA26
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Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
5/21/08
Page 10
Technical Specification
To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 7 and Pin 8 (SENSE(+) input). For a desired increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
Rtrim-up =
16000 + 158.4 x (VDES - VNOM) VDES - VNOM
(kW)
Figure C graphs the relationship between the trim resistor value and Rtrim-up and Rtrim-down, showing the total range the output voltage can be trimmed up or down.
1,000,000
SYNCHRONIZATION: The converter's switching frequency can be synchronized to an external frequency source that is in the 270 kHz to 330 kHz range. A pulse train at the desired frequency should be applied to the SYNC IN pin (pin 1) with respect to the INPUT RETURN (pin 6). Its frequency can be anywhere in that range, regardless of the natural frequency of the power converter. This pulse train should have a duty cycle in the 20% to 80% range. Its low value should be below 0.8V to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic low, and its high value should be above 2.0V to be guaranteed to be interpreted as a logic high. The transition time between the two states should be less than 300ns. If the converter is not to be synchronized, the SYNC IN pin should be left open circuit. The converter will then operate in its free-running mode at a frequency of approximately 300 kHz. The converter also has a SYNC OUT pin (pin 2). The pulse train coming out of SYNC OUT has a frequency that matches the switching frequency of the converter with which it is associated. This frequency is either the free-running frequency if there is no synchronization signal at the SYNC IN pin, or the synchronization frequency if there is.
100,000
Trim Resistance (kOhms)
10,000
1,000
100
10
1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
% Increase in Vout
% Decrease in Vout
Figure C: Trim Graph for 28Vout module
Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients. It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin. The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise. Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range. Current Share (pin 9): The active current share feature allows for N+1 and parallel applications. To achieve load sharing, directly connect the I share pins of multiple units. The load current will share equally among the multiple units. It is important that the Vin(-) pins of the sharing units be directly connected and NOT placed outside of an EMI filter or other impedance path. The voltage at the I Share pin will range from 1 to 2.4 volts (at full rated current), referenced to the primary-side ground, Vin(-)
Product # PQ60280FTA26
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
5/21/08
Page 11
Technical Specification
PROTECTION FEATURES
Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled "Input System Instability". The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical "Turn-On Voltage Threshold" value* before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. Output Current Limit: If the output current exceeds the "Output DC Current Limit Inception" point*, then a fast linear current limit controller will reduce the output voltage to maintain a constant output current. There is no minimum operating output voltage. The converter will run with low on-board power dissipation down to zero output voltage. A redundant circuit will shutdown the converter if the primary current limit fails. Back-Drive Current Limit: If there is negative output current of a magnitude larger than the "Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled" specification*, then a fast back-drive limit controller will increase the output voltage to maintain a constant output current. If this results in the output voltage exceeding the "Output OverVoltage Protection" threshold*, then the unit will shut down. The full I-V output characteristic can be seen in Figure 19. Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the "Output Over-Voltage Protection" threshold*, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions.
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the OverTemperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value. Start-up Inhibit Period: If any protection feature causes the converter to shut down, the converter will attempt to restart after 320ms (typical), the "Restart Inhibit Period".* On initial application of input voltage, the first startup delay is about 200ms from input voltage valid to unit output rising. With the on/off pin set to enable the converter, the "Turn-On Time"* will increase by only 2ms.
* See specifications page for details.
Product # PQ60280FTA26 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C 5/21/08 Page 12
Technical Specification
APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Input System Instability: This condition can occur because any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled "Input System Instability" is available on the SynQor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical circuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trimming. Input Filtering and External Input Capacitance: This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic input capacitor. The recommended external input capacitance is specified in the "Input Characteristics" section. More detailed information is available in the application note titled "EMI Characteristics" on the SynQor website.
Input: Output: Current: Package:
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
Output Filtering and External Output Capacitance: Figure E below shows the internal output filter components. This filter dramatically reduces output voltage ripple. However, some minimum external output capacitance is required, as specified in the Output Characteristics section on the Electrical Specifications page. No damage will occur without this capacitor connected, but peak output voltage ripple will be much higher. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is available as 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor's RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at rohs@synqor.com.
2 x 4.7F local ceramic
Vin(+)
Electrolytic Capacitor
Vout(+) Vsense(+) Rtrim-up
or
Vin
External Input Filter
ESR @0.2W
100F
ON/OFF
Trim
Vsense(_) Vin(_) Vout(_)
Rtrim-down
Cload
Iload
Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled).
Product # PQ60280FTA26
Phone 1-888-567-9596
www.synqor.com
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C
5/21/08
Page 13
Technical Specification
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
The part numbering system for SynQor's PowerQor DC/DC converters follows the format shown in the example below.
PQ 60 280 F T A 26 N N S - G 6/6 RoHS Options Output Current Thermal Design Performance Level Package Size Output Voltage Input Voltage Product Family
Thermal Design
(see Ordering Information)
Input: Output: Current: Package:
ORDERING INFORMATION
36-75 V 28 V 26 A Full-brick
The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional 3 characters for options. A "-G" suffix indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant.
Model Number PQ60280FTw 26xyz -G Input Voltage 36 - 75 V Output Max Output Voltage Current 28.0 V 26 A
The following option choices must be included in place of the x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above.
Options Description: w x y z
Enable Logic P - Positive N - Negative Pin Length K - 0.110" N - 0.145" R - 0.180" Y - 0.250" Feature Set S - Standard F - Full Feature
The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. Although there are no default values for enable logic and pin length, the most common options are negative logic and 0.145" pins. These part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock for evaluation and prototype quantities. A "-G" suffix indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant.
A - Open Frame B - Threaded Baseplate F - Non-Threaded Baseplate
PATENTS
SynQor holds the following patents, one or more of which might apply to this product: 5,999,417 6,594,159 6,927,987 7,119,524 6,222,742 6,731,520 7,050,309 7,269,034 6,545,890 6,894,468 7,072,190 7,272,021 6,577,109 6,896,526 7,085,146 7,272,023
Application Notes
A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website.
Contact SynQor for further information:
Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address:
978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 power@synqor.com www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor.
Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor.
Doc.# 005-2FT628P Rev. C 5/21/08 Page 14
Product # PQ60280FTA26
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